What type of information can be added using a lookup table in Splunk?

Using a lookup table in Splunk allows users to enhance the existing event data with additional contextual information. Lookups are typically used to correlate data from different sources, enabling more insightful analysis. For instance, a lookup table might contain user information, geographical data, or other relationships that provide more context to the events you are analyzing, making it easier to understand patterns or anomalies.

This contextual enrichment helps in data analysis tasks such as reporting or alerting, where understanding the broader context could be key to identifying the significance of specific events. The other options presented relate to aspects of Splunk that do not involve enriching event data with external information. Real-time processing details, alert preferences, and user roles and permissions serve different functions within Splunk's operational framework and do not directly pertain to the capacity of lookup tables to add context to event data.